Create hosted agents with Microsoft Foundry Toolkit for Visual Studio Code

Create a Python or C# agent workflow from a sample, debug it with Agent Inspector, and deploy it with Microsoft Foundry Toolkit for Visual Studio Code.

Use Microsoft Foundry Toolkit for Visual Studio Code to create a code-based workflow from a Microsoft Agent Framework sample. Run it locally with Agent Inspector, then deploy its source code to Foundry Agent Service as a hosted agent. You maintain the code and its dependencies. Foundry manages the hosting infrastructure and scaling.

Hosted workflows coordinate agents in code. They differ from the retiring Foundry declarative workflow service. For other creation routes, see Create an agent.

Prerequisites

• Install Microsoft Foundry Toolkit for Visual Studio Code.
• Select a Foundry project with a deployed model. Use a supported hosted-agent region.
• Permission to use the model and deploy hosted agents. For source-code deployment, the Foundry Project Manager role at project scope includes agent operations and role assignment permissions. See Hosted agent permissions.

The Foundry RBAC roles were recently renamed. Foundry User, Foundry Owner, Foundry Account Owner, and Foundry Project Manager were previously named Azure AI User, Azure AI Owner, Azure AI Account Owner, and Azure AI Project Manager. You might still see the previous names in some places while the rename rolls out. The role IDs and core permissions are unchanged by the rename.

• Azure CLI for the local authentication steps in this article.
• For container deployment, the registry and image access required by Azure Container Registry setup. These registry requirements don’t apply to a source-code deployment.

The main deployment path uses Code with Remote package mode and doesn’t require a local Docker build. Local execution still sends model requests to Foundry and can incur charges. Review the service limits and availability and Toolkit release notes for the features you use.

Create a hosted agent workflow

Choose an Agent Framework sample that uses the Responses protocol. You don’t need to create a separate prompt agent first. To compare samples, Agent Builder, and Copilot-assisted coding, see Choose a creation route.

1. In the Foundry Toolkit view, select Developer Tools > Build > Create Agent.

2. Under Code an agent from samples, select Browse all samples.

3. In Create Hosted Agent from Sample, filter by your Language, Framework = Agent Framework, and Protocol Type = Responses. Search for workflow.

   The following screenshot shows the gallery with Basic Hosted Agent selected as an example. For this guide, select the workflow sample for your language instead.

1. Select the workflow sample for your language.

2. Select Next.

3. On Create, choose the Workspace Folder. If the folder already contains files, enter a Folder Name for a new child folder.

4. If Environment Setup appears, select Setup with Microsoft Foundry, and then select your subscription and project. When a default project is already selected, the form uses that project.

5. Select an existing compatible Model Deployment.

   The following screenshot shows example project settings with local paths hidden. Use your own destination and the model deployment required by your sample.

1. Review the destination, and then select Create.
2. Open the generated project in Visual Studio Code and read its README.md.

The Agent Framework, Copilot SDK, and LangGraph tiles on Create Agent open the Create tab with a hello-world starter selected. Use Browse all samples to choose a workflow rather than one of those starters. You can also open the gallery from My Resources > Agents > Hosted Agent > Add Hosted Agent.

Sample names and contents can change with the catalog. Some versions label these samples Workflows. Use the sample’s GitHub link to confirm that you selected the intended workflow.

Skip for now generates the code without completing model setup. If you choose it, configure the required project and model values before running the sample. Deploy & use new model, when offered, provisions a model deployment, not the hosted agent. Creating the local project files doesn’t deploy the agent.

Configure the local project

Keep the folder that contains azure.yaml open as the workspace root. Check the hosted-agent service’s project path in that file to find its source directory.

Artifact	Purpose
azure.yaml	Declares the hosted-agent service, source directory, runtime, protocols, and deployment settings.
main.py or Program.cs in the source directory	Implements the workflow and starts its Responses server.
requirements.txt or the .csproj file	Declares dependencies for the selected language.
.env in the source directory	Holds local project and model values. The Toolkit creates it from .env.example when the sample supplies that file.
.vscode/launch.json and .vscode/tasks.json	Configure the local server, debugger attachment, and Agent Inspector.

Sample layouts can change. Use the generated README.md and azure.yaml instead of assuming that the code and environment file are at the workspace root.

Install dependencies

Use the generated sample’s dependency files. Keep the selected interpreter or SDK consistent with its runtime configuration.

Set the project and model

Review the .env file in the source directory. If it doesn’t exist, create it with the values required by the sample.

Variable	Value
FOUNDRY_PROJECT_ENDPOINT	Your project endpoint, in the form https://<resource-name>.services.ai.azure.com/api/projects/<project-name>.
AZURE_AI_MODEL_DEPLOYMENT_NAME	The name of the model deployment in that project, not just the model’s catalog name.

Both workflow samples load .env during startup. The project endpoint is not an Azure OpenAI account endpoint. Keep the file out of source control, and don’t put credentials in your application code.

Authenticate locally

The samples use DefaultAzureCredential. For the Azure CLI credential path, sign in with an account that can access the project’s model:

az login

Reference: Sign in with Azure CLI.

Toolkit sign-in selects the project for extension operations. The local agent process also needs a supported credential. For other options, see DefaultAzureCredential for Python or credential chains for .NET.

Run your hosted workflow locally

Use the generated debug configuration to start the HTTP server and open Agent Inspector. Opening Agent Inspector alone doesn’t start the server.

1. Return to the generated project workspace.
2. Set a breakpoint in the workflow code if you want to inspect execution.
3. Press F5. If prompted, select Debug Local Agent HTTP Server.
4. Wait for the server to start and Agent Inspector to open.
5. Send the test request for your sample.
6. Inspect the response and repeat with another request. If you set a breakpoint, inspect the values and continue execution.

After the sample works, modify the workflow and repeat the local test. If you add tools, send a request that requires a real tool result and inspect the call. A model-only answer or a mock response doesn’t prove that the live tool works.

The screenshot shows a tool-enabled local agent, not either workflow sample. Agent Inspector displays its response and tool calls with a latency waterfall and run timeline. Available inspection details depend on the running agent and its instrumentation.

If you use GitHub Copilot, you can run /validate-microsoft-foundry-hosted-agent in Copilot Chat to review the project against Foundry best practices. This Chat command opens a report; it isn’t a terminal command or a substitute for running the workflow.

The generated tasks use port 8088 for the agent server. Python debugging also uses port 5679. If startup reports a port conflict, stop the conflicting process that you own or adjust the generated task configuration consistently.

Run without the debugger

To run manually, open a terminal in the sample’s source directory with its dependencies, environment values, and Azure credential available.

Then run Foundry Toolkit: Open Agent Inspector from the Command Palette and connect to the local server on port 8088. Running a sample with python or dotnet run starts a local process, not a container.

Visualize hosted agent workflow execution

Use Agent Inspector to inspect the events, responses, and tool calls that your running agent emits. When the runtime emits workflow events, use the workflow visualization to inspect the sequence of steps.

The available details depend on the sample’s instrumentation. Follow the sample’s telemetry setup instructions for runtime-specific requirements.

These steps use the Responses protocol. Other samples need clients that match their protocol: the HTTP Invocations view isn’t a WebSocket client, and Python Activity samples use Microsoft 365 Agents Playground. Follow the selected sample’s local-testing instructions. Changing a protocol name in configuration doesn’t add that protocol to your server. See Choose a hosted-agent protocol.

Deploy the hosted agent

After the local workflow behaves as expected, deploy it from the project workspace. Python and C# share the deployment procedure. Start with Code and Remote package mode to upload source and let Foundry restore dependencies.

Prepare deployment configuration

Review and save the hosted-agent service in azure.yaml. Preserve the sample’s protocol configuration and declare the model deployment and other required runtime settings there.

Deployment resolves declared environment values from the source directory’s .env or the process environment. It doesn’t forward every local .env entry. The platform supplies reserved runtime values such as FOUNDRY_PROJECT_ENDPOINT; don’t redeclare them as deployment settings. See Platform-injected environment variables.

Review the source directory’s ignore rules before packaging. Keep .env, credentials, virtual environments, and caches out of the package. For ZIP deployment, a source-root .agentignore replaces the rules in .gitignore and .dockerignore, so retain the necessary exclusions if you add that file.

Don’t commit or package secrets. Local sign-in doesn’t transfer your user’s permissions to the deployed agent. Configure access for the agent’s runtime identity and supported connections. See Hosted agent permissions.

Deploy source with Remote package mode

Use the generated workspace root so the Toolkit can read the service configuration and locate its source directory.

1. Stop the local debugging session.
2. Select Developer Tools > Build > Deploy to Microsoft Foundry. You can also run Foundry Toolkit: Deploy Hosted Agent from the Command Palette.

1. If Foundry Project Setup appears, select the subscription and project, and then select Next. Otherwise, confirm that the default project is the intended destination.
2. On Basics, select Code as Deployment Method and Remote as Package Mode.
3. Select New agent and enter the Hosted Agent Name. To update a deployed agent, select Existing agent and choose that agent instead.

1. Select Next.

2. On Review + Deploy, check Language, Runtime Version, Entry Point, and CPU and Memory against the sample. Confirm that the source directory matches the service’s project path.

   The following screenshot shows an example with Python 3.14 and its entry point hidden, not the settings for these workflow samples. For Python, use Python 3.13 with python3 main.py. For C#, use .NET 10 and the detected entry point for your generated project.

1. Select Deploy. Follow progress in notifications and Output.
2. Continue to Test the deployed workflow.

Match the runtime to your sample configuration and local environment. Don’t accept a different runtime just because it’s the wizard default.

The Toolkit saves deployment choices when you submit the form. Those local settings don’t prove that the cloud deployment succeeded. Updating an existing agent creates a new version rather than changing a previous version in place.

Choose another ZIP package mode

The Toolkit offers these source-code packaging options:

Package mode	What happens	What to prepare
Remote	The Toolkit packages source. Foundry restores Python requirements or the .NET project during provisioning.	Source, dependency declarations, and a compatible entry point.
Bundled	The Toolkit stages source and runs the Package Command locally before creating the ZIP. Foundry runs the prepared package.	Compatible Linux dependencies and the local tools required by the command. The default Python command installs compatible dependencies in packages/; the .NET command creates publish output.

The selectable ZIP runtimes are Python 3.13, Python 3.14, and .NET 10. Match the runtime to your code and dependencies. For layouts, limits, and service requirements, see Deploy from source code. For the runtime support policy, see Supported hosted-agent runtimes.

Deploy a container image

Choose Container on Basics when you need a custom runtime image or already have a compatible image.

Registry choice	Toolkit behavior
Default ACR	Creates or reuses a registry for the selected project, then builds and pushes the image through Azure Container Registry (ACR).
Custom ACR	Uses an existing registry you select, then builds and pushes the image through ACR.
Custom ACR image	Uses a prebuilt ACR image reference without building or pushing source.

For the build options, review the Dockerfile and build context before deploying. If you generate a Dockerfile in the wizard, review the file and select Continue and deploy. These options use remote ACR builds, not local Docker builds.

Custom registry options use a registry in the selected subscription. The custom-registry build path requires public network access; the prebuilt-image path has separate private-network requirements. Choosing an image doesn’t configure network connectivity.

Review container requirements and private networking guidance before using a custom registry. These deployments target Foundry Agent Service, not the retired Azure Container Apps hosted-agent path. To move an older agent, follow Migrate from the hosted-agent preview.

Test the deployed workflow

A successful create request doesn’t prove that the runtime is ready or that its model and tools are reachable. Test the exact deployed version.

1. Under My Resources > Agents > Hosted Agent, select the agent name.
2. Select the numbered version you just deployed.
3. On Details, wait for the deployment status to indicate that the agent is running. If it fails, inspect the deployment output before retrying.
4. Open Playground and send the same request you tested locally.
5. Review the response. If you added tools, send a request that requires those tools and inspect the calls.

Local and cloud runs use different credentials, dependency environments, and network paths. A successful local response doesn’t guarantee a successful remote response.

Inspect and update the deployed agent

Use the remote playground to test and inspect your deployed agent. Unlike local testing with Agent Inspector, requests in this playground run against the agent hosted in Foundry.

1. In Foundry Toolkit, select Developer Tools > Build > Hosted Agent Playground.

1. In the Hosted Agent dropdown, select your deployed agent and the version to inspect. Open Playground to send a request and view the response and session details.

   The following screenshot shows an illustrative deployed agent’s response, not the expected output of either workflow sample. Agent and session identifiers are hidden.

Use these controls to inspect and update the agent. The available tabs depend on its protocol and connected services.

Task	Action
Review deployment details	Open Details for status, configuration, and the copyable endpoint.
Test a version	Select a numbered version for playground requests. Automatic follows the service endpoint’s version selection, which isn’t necessarily the latest version. The picker doesn’t change routing for other clients.
Review runtime logs	Open Sessions, select a session, and view its logs. Runtime logs require a session; build output is separate. Stopping a log stream or canceling a request doesn’t stop the hosted agent.
Retrieve deployed code	Use Download code asset for a ZIP deployment. An image deployment exposes the image reference instead of a downloadable source project.
Update behavior	Edit and test the local code, then repeat the deployment procedure with Existing agent to create a new version.

Use Traces and Evaluation, when available, for investigation and quality measurement beyond one successful response. Follow the prerequisites for hosted-agent tracing and hosted-agent evaluation.

Deployment gives the agent an endpoint for programmatic use. A separate publication step isn’t required for API access. Publishing to Teams or Microsoft 365 is a separate task. See the current agent endpoint and publishing model.

Troubleshooting

Use the reported error and the sample configuration to identify the failing step.

Symptom	Action
Local startup fails because a package is missing.	Confirm the selected interpreter or SDK, then install dependencies from the sample’s source directory.
The project endpoint or model can’t be found.	Check FOUNDRY_PROJECT_ENDPOINT and AZURE_AI_MODEL_DEPLOYMENT_NAME. Don’t substitute an account endpoint or a model catalog name.
Authentication or authorization fails.	Check the local credential and project access. Review hosted agent permissions for deployment and runtime identity requirements.
Agent Inspector can’t connect.	Confirm that the server started and port 8088 is available. Opening Inspector alone doesn’t start the server.
A deployment fails.	Review the deployment error and build output. For code, check the runtime, entry point, package mode, and ignore rules. For a container, check the image and registry permissions.
The local response works, but the deployed version fails.	Compare the deployed environment and identity permissions with the local configuration. Retest the exact deployed version.

Clean up resources

Stop the local debugging session when you’re done. If you no longer need the deployed test agent, follow Manage hosted agents to remove it.

Deleting the agent removes its versions and terminates active sessions. It doesn’t remove every associated Azure resource.

Delete only cloud resources created for this exercise that no other applications use. Don’t delete a shared Foundry project, model deployment, or container registry.

Related content

Use these guides to extend your workflow:

• Microsoft Agent Framework workflows
• Hosted agent concepts
• Create a prompt agent